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Market |
Energy and Utilities |
Report Type |
Market Research |
Country |
South Korea |
Published |
19 February 2010 |
Number of Pages |
94 |
Download |
|
Immediate |
|
Publisher |
Business Monitor International |
The latest South Korea Oil & Gas Report forecasts that the country will account for 8.21% of Asia Pacific regional oil demand by 2014, while making no appreciable contribution to supply. Regional oil use of 21.40mn barrels per day (b/d) in 2001 reached an estimated 25.63mn b/d in 2009. It should average 26.13mn b/d in 2010, then rise to around 29.23mn b/d by 2014. Regional oil production was just under 8.41mn b/d in 2001, and averaged an estimated 8.46mn b/d in 2009. It is set to increase to 8.77mn b/d by 2014. Oil imports are growing rapidly, because demand growth is outstripping the pace of supply expansion. In 2001 the region was importing an average of 12.99mn b/d. This total had risen to an estimated 17.17mn b/d in 2009, and is forecast to reach 20.46mn b/d by 2014. The principal importers will be China, Japan, India and South Korea. By 2014 the only net exporter will be Malaysia. In terms of natural gas, in 2009 the region consumed an estimated 466bn cubic metres (bcm) and demand of 616bcm is targeted for 2014. Production of an estimated 383bcm in 2009 should reach 542bcm in 2014, but implies net imports falling from around 83bcm to 74bcm. This is thanks to many Asian gas producers being major exporters. South Korea’s estimated share of regional gas consumption in 2009 was 8.16%, while its share of production was minimal. By 2014, its share of gas consumption is forecast to be 7.01%.
For 2009 as a whole, we have assumed an average OPEC basket price of US$60.70 per barrel (bbl), a 35.5% decline year-on-year (y-o-y). For 2010, we expect to see a significant oil price recovery to US$83.00/bbl for the OPEC basket price, gaining further ground to US$85.00 in 2011 and to US$90.00/bbl in 2012 and beyond.
In 2010, we are forecasting global premium unleaded gasoline prices at an average US$97.00/bbl, up from US$70.22/bbl in 2009. We are assuming an average global jet fuel price for 2010 of US$97.58/bbl, compared with US$70.63/bbl in 2009. For gasoil, the 2010 price estimate is for an average of US$97.40/bbl, compared with US$70.50/bbl in 2009. The 2010 naphtha price average, estimated at US$81.58/bbl, compares with US$59.07/bbl in 2009.
South Korean real GDP is assumed to have contracted by 0.3% in 2009, compared with growth of 2.2% in 2008. We are assuming average annual growth of 4.1% in 2010-2014. Several South Korean oil companies, including state interests, are engaged in securing international upstream production, but the domestic market offers little potential for oil or gas. Oil consumption beyond 2009 is forecast to increase by no more than 1% per annum to 2014, implying demand of 2.40mn b/d by the end of the forecast period. Gas demand is forecast to rise from the estimated 2009 level of 38.0bcm to 43.2bcm by 2014, with the bulk of the fuel being imported in the form of liquefied natural gas (LNG).
Between 2009 and 2019, we are forecasting an increase in South Korea’s oil consumption from an estimated 2.32mn b/d to 2.40mn b/d (+3.45%), with the country’s refining capacity rising from 2.71mn b/d to 2.75mn b/d. Gas demand is expected to rise from an estimated 38bcm in 2009 to a possible 47bcm by 2019, met largely by LNG imports. Details of our 10-year forecasts can be found at the end of this report, which provides regional and country-specific projections.
South Korea now ranks 14th (ahead only of Taiwan) in our updated Upstream Business Environment Rating, thanks to a virtual absence of hydrocarbon resources. The score reflects an exceptionally healthy country risk profile, which partly offsets the lack of reserves and output growth potential. The country has a comfortable lead over Taiwan in the upstream league table. South Korea now ranks equal sixth with the Philippines in our updated Downstream Business Environment Rating, reflecting its relatively high levels of oil and gas consumption, established modern refining capability and relatively low level of state involvement. It is four points behind Japan and Australia, and has limited ability to climb the league table.
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