INTRODUCTION
STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
REASONS FOR DOING THIS STUDY
INTENDED AUDIENCE
SCOPE AND FORMAT
METHODOLOGY
INFORMATION SOURCES
AUTHOR'S CREDENTIALS
RELATED BCC REPORTS
BCC ONLINE SERVICES
DISCLAIMER
SUMMARY
SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSORS, THROUGH
2016 ($ MILLIONS)
SUMMARY FIGURE .GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES, 2010-
($ MILLIONS)
OVERVIEW
INTRODUCTION TO SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES
TABLE 1 KEY SAW DEVICE CONSUMER APPLICATIONS
TABLE 2 OTHER GENERAL SAW DEVICE USAGE
QUALITY FACTOR (Q FACTOR)
DUPLEXERS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DETECTION SENSORS
MILITARY APPLICATIONS
TABLE 3 KEY SAW DEVICE MILITARY APPLICATIONS
ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES MANUFACTURING
TABLE 4 SURFACE ACOUSTIC DEVICE PACKAGING
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE TRANSDUCER MATERIALS
TABLE 5 SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER MATERIALS
AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGIES
TABLE 6 WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES HAVING SAW RADIO FREQUENCY
FILTERING APPLICATIONS
FOURTH GENERATION LONG TERM EVOLUTION
LONG TERM EVOLUTION (LTE)
TABLE 7 FREQUENCY DIVISION DUPLEXING (FDD) DOWNLINK PEAK DATA RATES (640 AM)
TABLE 8 FREQUENCY DIVISION DUPLEXING (FDD) UPLINK PEAK DATA RATES (SINGLE
ANTENNA)
TABLE 9 TRANSMISSION BANDWIDTH CONFIGURATION
TRANSMISSION BANDWIDTH CONFIGURATIONS IN LTE
TABLE 10 FREQUENCY BAND SUPPORTED IN LTE
BROADBAND PCS
NARROWBAND PCS
WIDEBAND CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESSES (WCDMA)
WIRELESS DEVICES
Laptops and PDAs
Growth of Wireless Broadband
WI-FI Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WIMAX)
FIGURE 1 INDUSTRY FORECASTS OF MOBILE DATA TRAFFIC ($)
Growing Spectrum Needs
Spectrum: the Great Enabler
The Importance of Spectrum Flexibility
OTHER POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS FOR ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSORY DEVICES
INDUSTRIAL
SAFETY
SECURITY
RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) TAGGING
THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR SAW TRANSDUCERS
SAW FILTERS
TABLE 11 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS BY REGION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 12 KEY DRIVERS OF THE SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSOR INDUSTRY
GLOBAL SAW DUPLEXERS MARKET
TABLE 13 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SAW DUPLEXERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 14 GLOBAL SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 15 GLOBAL SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 16 THE WORLD'S TOP BUYERS OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC SENSORS
THE EUROPEAN MARKET
EUROPE
TABLE 17 EUROPEAN DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES BY REGION,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 18 EUROPEAN DEMAND FOR SAW DUPLEXERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 19 EUROPEAN DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 20 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR EUROPE BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 21 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR EUROPE BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 22 ESTIMATES FOR EUROPEAN TERRITORIES GENERATING SIGNIFICANT SALES
ACTIVITY FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES
FRANCE
TABLE 23 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR FRANCE BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 24 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR FRANCE BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
GERMANY
TABLE 25 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR GERMANY BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 26 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR GERMANY BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
ITALY
TABLE 27 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR ITALY BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 28 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR ITALY BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
SPAIN
TABLE 29 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR SPAIN BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 30 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR SPAIN BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
NORWAY
TABLE 31 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR NORWAY BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 32 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR NORWAY BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
NETHERLANDS
TABLE 33 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THE NETHERLANDS BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 34 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THE NETHERLANDS BY AIR
INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
THE UNITED KINGDOM
TABLE 35 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM BY AIR
INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 36 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM BY AIR
INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 37 ESTIMATES FOR EUROPEAN TERRITORIES GENERATING SIGNIFICANT SALES
ACTIVITY FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES
THE ASIAN MARKET
THE ASIAN MARKET
TABLE 38 ASIAN DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES FILTERS BY REGION,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 39 ASIA DEMAND FOR SAW DUPLEXERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 40 ASIA DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 41 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR ASIA BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 42 SAW DUPLEXERS SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR ASIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
AUSTRALIA
TABLE 43 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR AUSTRALIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 44 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR AUSTRALIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
JAPAN
TABLE 45 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR JAPAN BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 46 DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR JAPAN BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
INDIA
TABLE 47 SAW FILTER FOR INDIA BY SHIPMENT ESTIMATES BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 48 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR INDIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 49 INDIA'S MARKET FOR SAW FILTERS BY KEY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS)
TABLE 50 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR CHINA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
CHINA
TABLE 51 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENTS ESTIMATES FOR CHINA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
SOUTH KOREA
TABLE 52 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR SOUTH KOREA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 53 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR SOUTH KOREA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TAIWAN
TABLE 54 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR TAIWAN BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 55 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR TAIWAN BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 56 ESTIMATES FOR ASIAN TERRITORIES GENERATING CONSIDERABLE SALES FOR
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
SOUTHEAST ASIA
TABLE 57 SOUTHEAST ASIAN DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES BY
REGION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 58 SOUTHEAST ASIAN DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DUPLEXERS IN TBD,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 59 SOUTHEAST ASIAN DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTERS,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 60 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR SOUTHEAST ASIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 61 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR SOUTHEAST ASIA BY AIR
INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
Indonesia
Table 62 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR INDONESIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
Table 63 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR INDONESIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
Thailand
Table 64 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THAILAND BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
Table 65 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THAILAND BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
THE AMERICAS
AMERICA
TABLE 66 AMERICAN DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES BY REGION,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 67 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THE AMERICAS BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 68 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THE AMERICAS BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
UNITED STATES
TABLE 69 U.S. DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS AND DUPLEXERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 70 U.S. MARKET FOR SAW FILTERS BY KEY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS)
TABLE 71 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR THE U.S. BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 72 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR THE U.S. BY AIR
INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 73 REGIONS IN THE U.S. GENERATING THE MOST SALES FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC
WAVE TRANSDUCERS
CANADIAN MARKET
TABLE 74 CANADIAN DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS AND DUPLEXERS THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS)
TABLE 75 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR CANADA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 76 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR CANADA BY AIR
INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
MEXICO
TABLE 77 MEXICAN DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS AND DUPLEXERS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS)
TABLE 78 FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR MEXICO BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 79 DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR MEXICO BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY THROUGH 2016
BRAZIL
TABLE 80 BRAZIL'S DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS AND DUPLEXERS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS)
TABLE 81 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR BRAZIL BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 82 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR BRAZIL BY AIR
INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 83 ESTIMATES FOR TERRITORIES IN THE REST OF THE AMERICAS GENERATING
THE MOST SALES FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTERS AND DUPLEXERS
GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS
UNITED STATES
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION: PART-15
TABLE 84 (A) EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE EXEMPTED IN 15.23, 15.103, AND 15.113,
UNINTENTIONAL RADIATORS SHALL BE AUTHORIZED PRIOR TO THE INITIATION OF
MARKETING, AS FOLLOWS:
U.S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION (FDA) GUIDANCE
Concerns Related to RF Wireless Technology Use in and Around Medical Devices
PERFORMANCE OF WIRELESS FUNCTIONS
WIRELESS COEXISTENCE
WIRELESS QUALITY OF SERVICE
INTEGRITY OF DATA TRANSMITTED WIRELESSLY
SECURITY OF DATA TRANSMITTED WIRELESSLY AND WIRELESS NETWORK ACCESS
EMC
BRIEF SUMMARY OF EXAMPLES OF POTENTIALLY PROBLEMATIC SITUATIONS
Risk Management for RF Wireless Medical Devices: General Concepts
Design and Development
DEVICE PERFORMANCE AND PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS
SOFTWARE
EMC AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS
ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
SURGICAL ROOMS
INTENSIVE CARE UNITS
INTERMEDIATE CARE OR STEP-DOWN UNIT
EMERGENCY VEHICLES
AMBULATORY AND TRANSPORT
HOME
RISK ANALYSIS AND CONTROL MEASURES
Design and Development Verification
Design and Development Validation
Labeling
Purchasing Controls and Acceptance Activities
Corrective and Preventive Action
Servicing
"No Problem Found"
Appendix A: Additional Information about RF Wireless Communications
JAPAN
About EMC, EMI and Safety Regulations:
About Certification Organizations:
TAIWAN
Technical Regulations
PLMN08
Low Power Radio Device: LP0002
PLMN05
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
A SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE INCLUDES A MICRO-MACHINED PRESSURE
TRANSDUCER FOR MONITORING TIRE PRESSURE
NON-INVASIVE INSPECTION OF MICROCRACKS
A NOVEL SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE-BASED BIOSENSOR FOR HIGHLY SENSITIVE
FUNCTIONAL ASSAYS OF OLFACTORY RECEPTORS
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR CODING SAW OFC DEVICES TO MITIGATE CODE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE OPTO-MECHANICAL OSCILLATOR AND FREQUENCY COMB
GENERATOR
A SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE HUMIDITY SENSOR WITH HIGH SENSITIVITY BASED ON
ELECTROSPUN MWCNT/NAFION NANOFIBER FILMS
A NOVEL SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE-BASED BIOSENSOR FOR HIGHLY SENSITIVE
FUNCTIONAL ASSAYS OF OLFACTORY RECEPTORS
TRANSPORTATION AND MIXING OF DROPLETS BY SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR CODING SAW OFC DEVICES TO MITIGATE CODE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE OPTO-MECHANICAL OSCILLATOR AND FREQUENCY COMB
GENERATOR
A NOVEL SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE-BASED BIOSENSOR FOR HIGHLY SENSITIVE
FUNCTIONAL ASSAYS OF OLFACTORY RECEPTORS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE HYDROGEN SENSOR
SENSITIVE AND SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF CARDIAC MARKERS IN HUMAN SERUM
USING SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE IMMUNOSENSORS
ACOUSTICALLY-DRIVEN MICROFLUIDIC SYSTEMS ACOUSTIC FILTRATION,
FRACTIONATION, AND MIXING IN MICROFLUIDIC SYSTEMS INTELLIGENT FRONT-END
SAMPLE PREPARATION TOOL USING ACOUSTIC STREAMING MICROFLUIDIC SAMPLE
PREPARATION FOR IMMUNOASSAYS MICROFLUIDIC TOOLS FOR BIOLOGICAL SAMPLE
PREPARATION
SENSITIVE, SELECTIVE, FAST-RESPONDING, LOW-POWER, AND ROBUST SENSORS
MEASUREMENT OF MATERIAL NONLINEARITY USING SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE
PARAMETRIC INTERACTION AND LASER ULTRASONICS
THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP SENSITIVE, SELECTIVE AND
FAST-RESPONDING SAW HYDROGEN SENSORS THAT OPERATE AT ROOM
TEMPERATURE AND TO UTILIZE THESE ADVANCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SAW AND
OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSORS FOR OTHER GASES. THE APPROACH IS TO USE
SYNTHESIS OF NANOMATERIALS AND THEIR UTILIZATION AS SAW SENSOR MATERIALS,
GUIDED BY THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS AT MULTIPLE SCALES
TIO2/LICL-BASED NANOSTRUCTURED THIN FILM FOR HUMIDITY SENSOR
APPLICATIONS
COMPANY PROFILES
TABLE 85 RANKING OF LEADING SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE MANUFACTURERS
NORTH AMERICA
AVX CORP.
BOSTON PIEZO-OPTICS INC.
CTS CORPORATION
PHONON
RAYTHEON COMPANY
TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.
VECTRON INTERNATIONAL
EUROPE
GOLLEDGE
ASIA
MARATA MANUFACTURING CO., LTD.
MERCURY UNITED ELECTRONICS INC.
NEC CORPORATION
PANASONIC INDUSTRIAL SOLUTIONS
RAKON
RFM
TAI-SAW TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD
WIN WIN CIRCUIT LTD.
PATENT ANALYSIS
GLOBAL PATENT TRENDS
TABLE 86 PATENTS BY REGION
TABLE 87 GLOBAL PATENT GENERATION TRENDS BY TECHNOLOGY
TABLE 88 GLOBAL PATENTS STATISTICS BY INDUSTRY SECTORS
U.S. PATENT TRENDS
TABLE 89 U.S. PATENT GENERATION TRENDS BY TECHNOLOGY
TABLE 90 U.S. PATENTS STATISTICS BY INDUSTRY SECTOR
U.S. REGISTERED PATENTS
TABLE 91 UNITED STATES SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSOR PATENTS
SAMPLE ABSTRACTS OF U.S. PATENTS
ACTIVE SONAR APPARATUSES AND METHODS
SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY WITH SPECTROSCOPIC MOLECULAR
RECOGNITION
ELECTRONIC PATIENT MONITOR WITH AUTOMATICALLY CONFIGURED ALARM
PARAMETERS
SNOW ALARM
PERIODIC SENSOR PANEL BASELINE ADJUSTMENT
GRAPHICAL INPUT CONTROLLER AND METHOD WITH REAR SCREEN IMAGE
DETECTION
RESONATOR FILTER WORKING WITH SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVES
SURFACE WAVE DEVICES WITH TAPERED TRANSDUCERS
SUPPRESSED FEATURE WAVEFORM FOR MODULATED SONAR TRANSMISSION
COMPOSITE ACOUSTIC ATTENUATION MATERIALS
MAGNETICALLY DRIVEN UNDERWATER PULSE GENERATOR
WAVE BLOCKING SYSTEMS AND METHODS
UNDERWATER ENERGY DAMPENING DEVICE
COUNTERMEASURE THREAT EMULATOR AND METHOD
BOOM SYSTEM AND ITS USE TO ATTENUATE UNDERWATER SOUND OR SHOCK
WAVE TRANSMISSION
SOUND-ABSORBING AND REINFORCING STRUCTURE FOR ENGINE NACELLE
ACOUSTIC PANEL
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE, SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER AND
ANTENNA DUPLEXER USING THE SAME, AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT USING
THE SAME
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER WITH MULTIPLE GROUND TERMINALS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE SUBSTRATE AND SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE
FUNCTIONAL ELEMENT
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE, SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE APPARATUS, AND
COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE INCLUDING AN IDT FORMED BY A METAL
FILLED IN GROOVES ON A PIEZOELECTRIC SUBSTRATE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE RESONATOR, AND SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER
AND ANTENNA DUPLEXER IN WHICH THE SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE RESONATOR
IS USED
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE
SAME
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE PRESSURE SENSOR
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE, DUPLEXER, COMMUNICATION MODULE, AND
COMMUNICATION APPARATUS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE, MODULE DEVICE, OSCILLATION CIRCUIT, AND
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND METHOD OF FABRICATING THE SAME
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE, SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER AND
ANTENNA DUPLEXER USING THE SAME, AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT USING
THE SAME
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER AND METHOD FOR IMPROVED REJECTION
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE BASED HUMIDITY SENSOR APPARATUS WITH
INTEGRATED SIGNAL CONDITIONING
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE ELEMENT, SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE APPARATUS, AND
COMMUNICATION APPARATUS
METHODS FOR REMOTE CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ODOR
TRANSDUCER FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVES AND A RESONATOR AND A FILTER
HAVING SAID TRANSDUCER
RF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER FRONT-END
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE ELEMENT
ACOUSTO-OPTIC FILTER
PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING SAME
BODY MOVEMENT ANALYSIS METHOD AND APPARATUS
POINTER DEVICE TO NAVIGATE A PROJECTED USER INTERFACE
PARTITIONED RADIO-FREQUENCY APPARATUS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS
EQUIVALENT RADIO FREQUENCY NOTCH FILTER, RADIO FREQUENCY CHIP, AND
RECEIVER
SIGNAL PROCESSING APPARATUS HAVING FREQUENCY-SELECTIVE CIRCUIT WITH
MIXER MODULE IMPLEMENTED FOR CONTROLLING FREQUENCY RESPONSE AND
RELATED METHOD THEREOF
FREQUENCY-SELECTIVE CIRCUIT WITH MIXER MODULE IMPLEMENTED FOR
CONTROLLING FREQUENCY RESPONSE, AND RELATED SIGNAL PROCESSING
APPARATUS AND METHOD
SETTING A TRANSMISSION POWER LEVEL FOR A MOBILE UNIT
PACKAGE, ELECTRONIC DEVICE, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING ELECTRONIC
DEVICE
ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING ELECTRONIC DEVICE
DISPLAY INPUT DEVICE, IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS, DISPLAYING METHOD OF A
DISPLAY INPUT DEVICE
TOUCH SCREEN SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OBTAINING COORDINATE THEREOF
RESISTIVE TOUCH SCREEN
RESISTIVE TOUCH SCREEN
VIDEO CHAPTER ACCESS AND LICENSE RENEWAL
ACTIONABLE-OBJECT CONTROLLER AND DATA-ENTRY
TRANSPARENT FORCE SENSOR AND METHOD OF FABRICATION
PORTABLE COMMUNICATION DEVICE WITH SECONDARY PERIPHERAL DISPLAY
FILTER, DUPLEXER AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE
PALLET WITH WIRELESS TRANSCEIVER FOR COMMUNICATING PALLET MANIFEST,
CONDITION AND LOCATION INFORMATION
TEMPERATURE COMPENSATED THIN FILM ACOUSTIC WAVE RESONATOR
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER AND DUPLEXER
LIGHT EMITTING DISPLAY WITH LIGHT MIXING WITHIN A FILM
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DRIVING CAPACITIVE ELECTROMECHANICAL
TRANSDUCTION APPARATUS
CHIP PACKAGE AND METHOD FOR FORMING THE SAME
SAFETY MECHANISMS FOR POWER TOOLS
DEVICE, METHOD, AND GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE FOR MARQUEE SCROLLING
WITHIN A DISPLAY AREA
POWER EFFICIENT COMMUNICATIONS
IMAGE PICKUP APPARATUS AND ITS CONTROL METHOD
TOUCH PANEL AND TOUCH SENSING METHOD THEREOF
DEVICE, METHOD, AND GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE FOR PERFORMING
CHARACTER ENTRY
DEVICE, METHOD, AND GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE FOR CREATING AND USING
DUPLICATE VIRTUAL KEYS
ELASTIC WAVE DEVICE
SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT AND HIGH FREQUENCY MODULE USING
THE SAME
ELECTRONIC DEVICE
CHIP PACKAGE AND METHOD FOR FORMING THE SAME
SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE
FERROELECTRIC FLUORIDE COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND
USING SAME
APPARATUS, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETECTING THE PRESENCE OF GENUINE
SERVICEABLE PRODUCT COMPONENTS
INDOOR UNIT OF AIR CONDITIONER COMPRISING ELECTRIC DISCHARGE
GENERATOR
METHOD FOR PRODUCING PIEZOELECTRIC COMPOSITE SUBSTRATE AND METHOD
FOR PRODUCING PIEZOELECTRIC ELEMENT
WEB-CLIP WIDGETS ON A PORTABLE MULTIFUNCTION DEVICE
DUAL CARRIER AMPLIFIER CIRCUITS AND METHODS
METHOD FOR ANALYZING MOLECULAR POLLUTION OF A FLUID, APPLICATION
DEVICE AND APPLICATION TO THE ANALYSIS OF POLLUTION IN A NATURAL
MEDIUM AND IN A CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT
EUROPEAN PATENT TRENDS
TABLE 92 EUROPE PATENT GENERATION TRENDS BY TECHNOLOGY
TABLE 93 EUROPEAN PATENTS STATISTICS BY INDUSTRY SECTOR
EUROPEAN REGISTERED PATENTS
TABLE 94 EUROPE SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE PATENTS
CARRIER MODULATED NARROW SAMPLE ABSTRACTS OF EUROPEAN REGISTERED
PATENTS
CORRELATION PROCESSING RECEIVER
PULSE SIGNAL PROCESSOR
ACOUSTIC TOUCH SENSOR WITH LOW-PROFILE DIFFRACTIVE GRATING
TRANSDUCER ASSEMBLY
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER DEVICE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER APPARATUS AND COMMUNICATIONS
APPARATUS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER DEVICE
SOLID BI-LAYER STRUCTURES FOR USE WITH HIGH VISCOSITY INKS IN ACOUSTIC
INK PRINTING AND METHODS OF FABRICATION
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
SURFACE-ACOUSTIC-WAVE DEVICE HAVING AN IMPROVED PASS-BAND
CHARACTERISTIC AND AN IMPROVED DEGREE OF FREEDOM FOR SETTING INPUT
AND OUTPUT IMPEDANCES
LENGTH-MODE DROP-ON-DEMAND INK JET PRINTHEAD FOR EJECTING
ORTHOGONALLY DIRECTED DROPLETS AT IMPROVED OPERATING SPEEDS
SURFACE-ACOUSTIC-WAVE DEVICE HAVING AN IMPROVED PASS-BAND
CHARACTERISTIC AND AN IMPROVED DEGREE OF FREEDOM FOR SETTING INPUT
AND OUTPUT IMPEDANCES
ACOUSTIC INK PRINTER
SURFACE RIPPLE WAVE DIFFUSION BY NON-RETROREFLECTIVE APERTURE
CONFIGURATIONS FOR ACOUSTIC INK PRINTERS
SURFACE RIPPLE WAVE SUPPRESSION BY ANTI-REFLECTION APERTURE
CONFIGURATIONS FOR ACOUSTIC INK PRINTERS
NOZZLELESS INK JET PRINTER
INK DROP PRINTHEAD
ACOUSTIC INK PRINTERS HAVING REDUCED FOCUSING SENSITIVITY
SHOCK WAVE GENERATOR FOR THE NON-CONTACTING DISINTEGRATION OF
CONCRETIONS IN A BODY
ACOUSTIC PRINTHEADS
LEAKY RAYLEIGH WAVE NOZZLELESS LIQUID DROPLET EJECTORS
ENDOSCOPE APPARATUS
SURFACE-ACOUSTIC-WAVE FILTER DEVICE
BALANCED SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER
BALANCED SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER
SURFACE-ACOUSTIC-WAVE DEVICE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER
POWER CONTROLLING ARRANGEMENT FOR DUPLEX TRANSMISSION
SEMICONDUCTOR LASER DEVICE
EXTENDIBLE SONOBUOY APPARATUS
SAW DEVICES INCLUDING RESISTIVE FILMS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE APPARATUS AND COMMUNICATIONS UNIT
VOLTAGE SENSOR UTILIZING A SURFACE WAVE ELECTROACOUSTIC STRUCTURE
SENSIBLE TO THE ELECTRIC FIELD
APPARATUS FOR THE ULTRASONIC MEASUREMENT OF THE LIQUID LEVEL AND/OR
VOLUME IN A CONTAINER
ARRANGEMENT TO DETERMINE THE IMPACT POINT, THE VELOCITY AND THE
ANGLE OF INCIDENCE OF A PROJECTILE HITTING A TARGET AT SUPERSONIC
VELOCITY
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
ISOTROPIC ACOUSTIC WAVE SUBSTRATE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE BANDPASS FILTER
ELECTRONIC DEVICE FOR REFLECTED SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVES
TELEVISION SCRAMBLING AND DESCRAMBLING METHOD AND APPARATUS
ROTATION SPEED MEASURING APPARATUS
BROAD BAND SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE EDGE DEPOSITED TRANSDUCER.
INTEGRATED OPTIC DEVICE
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSFERRING INFORMATION SIGNALS TO
AND/OR OFF A RECORDING MEDIUM
ACOUSTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICE
ARRANGEMENT FOR SOUND SOURCES AVOIDING ACOUSTIC SHORT CIRCUITS IN
LOUDSPEAKERS.
ACOUSTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICE INCLUDING A REFLECTIVE MULTISTRIP
COUPLER
ASIAN PATENT TRENDS
TABLE 95 KEY ASIA PATENT GENERATION TRENDS BY TECHNOLOGY
TABLE 96 ASIAN PATENTS STATISTICS BY INDUSTRY SECTOR
TABLE 97 CHINESE SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE PATENTS
CHINESE PATENT ABSTRACTS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER WITH TERMINAL ELECTRODE COATING FILM
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE RESONATOR, COMBINED SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE
FILTER AND SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER
SAW RESONATOR, SAW DEVICE AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE
SAW DEVICE AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE USING SAW DEVICE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE (SAW) FILTER OF REACTANCE FILTER TYPE EXHIBITING
IMPROVED STOP BAND SUPPRESSION AND METHOD FOR OPTIMIZING STOP BAND
SUPPRESSION
SOUND SURFACE WAVE DEVICE, SOUND SURFACE WAVE FILTER AND MFG.
METHOD OF SOUND SURFACE WAVE DEVICE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTERING DEVICE
ELASTIC SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE, COMMUNICATION DEVICE USING THE DEVICE
AND AERIAL TRANSFER SWITCH
ACOUSTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICE
METHOD FOR MFG. A SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
SOUND-SURFACE-WAVE DEVICE
SURFACE WAVE DEVICE
METHOD FOR MFG. SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS COMPOSITION FOR SURFACE SONIC WAVE ELEMENT
AND SURFACE SONIC WAVE ELEMENT
FREQUENCY FEATURE REGULATING METHOD FOR EDGE REFLECTION-TYPE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUIPMENT
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND PIEZOELECTRIC CHIP USING FOR THE
SAME
SOUND SURFACE WAVE FILTER
SURFACE SOUND WAVE DEVICE AND USED PIEZOELECTRIC BASE UNIT
SURFACE SONIC WAVE APPARATUS AND COMMUNICATION APPARATUS
COMPRISING SAME
ACOUSTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICE AND COMMUNICATION UNIT
ACOUSTIC SURFACE WAVE FILTER DEVICE
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE APPARATUS AND COMMUNICATING DEVICE
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE FILTER DEVICE, COMMUNICATION DEVICE
FRONT MODULE
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICE, COMMUNICATION DEVICE
SURFACE SONIC WAVE FILTER AND COMMUNICATION APPARATUS USING SAME
ANTENNA SHARER AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE ELEMENT AND ITS MAKING PROCESS AND SURFACE
ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE WITH THE ELEMENT AND ITS MAKING PROCESS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
END FACE REFLECTION SURFACE WAVE FILTER
ELECTRONIC ELEMENT
SOUND SURFACE WAVE FILTER
SOUND SURFACE WAVE APPARATUS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE COMPONENT AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD
ELASTIC SURFACE-WAVE FILTER AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE
SOUND SURFACE WAVE ELEMENT
ELECTRODE PATTERN FORMATION METHOD FOR SOUND SURFACE-WAVE
ELEMENT
SYNTHETIC FILTER, ANTENNA SHARING DEVICE AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE
LONGITUDINAL COUPLING ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE VIBRATOR FILTER
SURFACE SOUND WAVE FILTERING UNIT, SURFACE SOUND WAVE FILTER AND
COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT WITH THE FILTER
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE ELEMENT AND COMMUNICATING DEVICE
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE ELEMENT
CHANNEL-SPLITTING FILTER, COMMUNICATION APPARATUS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND DUPLEXER THEREWITH
ACOUSTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICE
SURFACE ELASTIC WAVE ELEMENT AND DIPLEXER
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE RESONATOR AND SURFACE FILTER
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE ELEMENT AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD
ELASTIC SURFACE-WAVE DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFORE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND ITS MANUFACTURE METHOD, AND
ELECTRONIC PART USING IT
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE COMPONENT AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND DUPLEXER THEREWITH
ACOUSTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICE
SURFACE ELASTIC WAVE ELEMENT AND DUPLEXER
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE RESONATOR AND SURFACE FILTER
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE ELEMENT AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD
ELASTIC SURFACE-WAVE DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND ITS MANUFACTURE METHOD, AND
ELECTRONIC PART USING IT
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE DEVICE,
AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENT USING THE DEVICE AND METHOD
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE, ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND
ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT DEVICE
ELASTIC SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENT
COMPRISING IT
HIGH-FREQUENCY COMPOSITE SWITCH MODULE AND MOBILE COMMUNICATION
DEVICE USING THE SAME
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSOR
DUPLEXER AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS USING THE SAME
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
TEMPERATURES STABLE SAW SENSOR WITH THIRD-ORDER ELASTIC CONSTANTS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER
METHOD FOR REALIZING SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER ARRANGEMENTS AND
FILTER ARRANGEMENT OBTAINED IN ACCORDANCE TO THIS METHOD
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE IDENTIFICATION TAG HAVING ENHANCED DATA
CONTENT AND METHODS OF OPERATION AND MANUFACTURE THEREOF
READER FOR A HIGH INFORMATION CAPACITY SAW IDENTIFICATION TAG AND
METHOD OF USE THEREOF
READER FOR A HIGH INFORMATION CAPACITY SAW IDENTIFICATION TAG AND
METHOD OF USE THEREOF
METHOD FOR MOUNTING SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE ELEMENT AND SURFACE
ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE HAVING RESIN-SEALED SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE
ELEMENT
SONIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICE AND WAVE SEPARATOR
HIGH FREQUENCY MODULE
ELASTIC SURFACE WARE DEVICE AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE WITH SAID
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE COMPRISING
SAME
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE FILTER
ELASTIC SURFACE-WAVE DEVICE, COMMUNICATION DEVICE
HIGH FREQUENCY COMPOSITE COMPONENT
SUFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER AND SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DUPLEXER
WITH THE SAME
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER ANTENNA DUPLEXER AND COMMUNICATION
APPARATUS
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICE AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE WITH THE SAME
TOUCHING SCREEN DEVICE
SURFACE WAVE APPARATUS
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE FILTER, WAVE DIVIDER AND COMMUNICATION MACHINE
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE APPARATUS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
LADDER TYPE SAW FILTER AND ITS MFG. METHOD
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE FILTER AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE USING SAID FILTER
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICE, COMMUNICATION DEVICE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE, FILTER DEVICE AND METHOD FOR
MANUFACTURING SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICE, COMMUNICATION DEVICE
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE APPARATUS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER, BALANCE TYPE CIRCUIT AND
COMMUNICATION APPARATUS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE, AND MOBILE COMMUNICATION DEVICE AND
SENSOR BOTH USING SAME
PIEZOELECTRIC COMPONENT AND PRODUCTION METHOD THEREFOR
PIEZOELECTRIC COMPONENT AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICE AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE WITH THE SAME
TOUCHING SCREEN DEVICE
SURFACE WAVE APPARATUS
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE FILTER, WAVE DIVIDER AND COMMUNICATION MACHINE
ELASTIC SURFACE WAVE APPARATUS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
TABLE 98 JAPANESE SAW PATENTS
JAPANESE PATENT ABSTRACTS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF SURFACE
ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND WAFER
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSOR
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE ELEMENT PIECE AND SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE
DEVICE
TABLE 99 TAIWANESE SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE PATENTS
TAIWANESE PATENT ABSTRACTS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER WITH TUNABLE BANDWIDTH AND HIGH
PASSBAND SELECTIVITY
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE RESONATOR FILTER
FREE EDGE REFLECTIVE-TYPE SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
BIOLOGICAL DETECTION DEVICE AND METHOD
A SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE COMPOSITE SUBSTRATE USING AIN THIN FILMS
WITH THE SHEAR HORIZONTAL MODE
LIGHT SENSOR USING SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
A SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE COMPOSITE SUBSTRATE USING ZNO THIN FILMS
WITH THE SHEAR HORIZONTAL MODE AND THE RAYLEIGH MODE
BATTERYLESS REMOTE CONTROL APPARATUS AND METHOD THEREOF
A GAS SENSOR AND METHOD THEREOF
DETECTOR FOR UV LIGHT
A COMPOSITE SUBSTRATE HAVING HIGH SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE VELOCITY
AND HIGH ELECTROMECHANICAL COUPLING COEFFICIENT
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSOR
WAVE TOUCH PANEL SYSTEM
HIGH FREQUENCY SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
A METHOD FOR MAKING SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSOR
A HIGHLY LINEAR EMBEDDED FILTERING PASSIVE MIXER
CONVERTERS, RESONATORS AND FILTERS FOR ACOUSTIC SURFACE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE WITH PHOTONIC CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND
MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND MEASURING APPARATUS FOR PROPERTY
OF LIQUID SUBSTANCE
AUDIO ANALYZERS
TITLE WIRELESS TORQUE MEASUREMENT APPARATUS AND SENSING METHOD
THEREOF
STREPTAVIDIN SURFACE-ACOUSTIC-WAVE IMMUNOSENSOR APPARATUS
SENSING DEVICE OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE TOUCH PANEL
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND DUPLEXER
IMAGE-STABILIZING DRIVING DEVICE
DISPLAYS INCLUDING ADDRESSABLE TRACE STRUCTURES
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MEASURING TO-BE-MEASURED OBJECT
ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT SENSING DEVICE OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE BY USING III
GROUP NITRIDE
ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND STARTING METHOD OF THE ELECTRONIC DEVICE
TOUCH SCREEN PANEL, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME, AND DISPLAY
HAVING THE SAME
ULTRA-FAST BEAM DITHERING WITH SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE MODULATOR
ULTRA-FAST BEAM DITHERING WITH SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE MODULATOR
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE GAS SENSOR AND THE MANUFACTURING METHOD
THEREOF
MICROFLUID INJECTING DEVICES CAPABLE OF INSPECTING AND MONITORING
NOZZLE PROCESSES ON A REAL TIME BASIS AND RELATED METHODS
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE APPARATUS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD
THEREFOR
EDGE REFLECTION TYPE SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE OF SENSING OR RECOGNIZING SYSTEM
SINGLE C-AXIS PGO THIN FILM ON ZRO2 FOR NON-VOLATILE MEMORY
APPLICATIONS AND METHODS OF MAKING THE SAME
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS USING THE
DEVICE
LONGITUDINALLY-COUPLED RESONATOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USING THE FILTER
SURFACE RESIST EXPOSURE METHOD WITH SUB-MICRON LINE WIDTH
FRONT END MODULE
AMMONIA SENSOR AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE ELEMENT USING THE STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF
CONNECTING THE CONDUCTIVE LAYER BACK TO BACK
A SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER DEVICE
ACOUSTIC TOUCH SENSOR
FILM TYPE BULK ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
PIEZOELECTRIC SUBSTRATE WORKING METHOD OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC DEVICE
PIEZOELECTRIC SUBSTRATE WORKING METHOD OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC DEVICE
SAW DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE DEVICE
ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER AND METHOD OF FORMING THE SAME
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE
HIGH-FREQUENCY CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR
TABLE 100 SOUTH KOREAN SAW PATENTS
KOREAN PATENT ABSTRACTS
SAW (SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE) GYROSCOPE USING PROGRESSIVE WAVE AND
ANGULAR VELOCITY MEASURING METHOD
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE AND METHOD FOR SIGNAL AMPLIFICATION OF
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE ELEMENT
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE RESONATOR, SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVEFILTER AND
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DUPLEXER, AND COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT
A SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE BIO-SENSOR, A FABRICATION METHOD OF THE
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE BIO-SENSOR AND A METHOD FOR DETECTION OF AN
ANTIGEN
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE BIOSENSORS, WAVEGUIDE, LOVE WAVES
PRE-INSULATING SUBSTRATE, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUBSTRATE,
METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SURFACE ACOUSTICWAVE RESONATOR, SURFACE
ACOUSTIC WAVE RESONATOR, SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE, AND
ELECTRONIC APPARATUS
METHOD FOR EMBODIMENT OF CAPACITOR IN SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER,
AND USING THE SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER PACKAGE AND FABRICATION METHOD USED
THE SUBSTRATE WHICH HAS SOLDER BUMPS
IMMUNOGLOBULIN G MEASURING METHOD AND APPARATUS USING A
SHEAR-HORIZONTAL SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE
LIST OF TABLES
SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSORS, THROUGH
2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 1 KEY SAW DEVICE CONSUMER APPLICATIONS
TABLE 2 OTHER GENERAL SAW DEVICE USAGE
TABLE 3 KEY SAW DEVICE MILITARY APPLICATIONS
TABLE 4 SURFACE ACOUSTIC DEVICE PACKAGING
TABLE 5 SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER MATERIALS
TABLE 6 WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES HAVING SAW RADIO FREQUENCY
FILTERING APPLICATIONS
TABLE 7 FREQUENCY DIVISION DUPLEXING (FDD) DOWNLINK PEAK DATA RATES (640 AM)
TABLE 8 FREQUENCY DIVISION DUPLEXING (FDD) UPLINK PEAK DATA RATES (SINGLE
ANTENNA)
TABLE 9 TRANSMISSION BANDWIDTH CONFIGURATION
TABLE 10 FREQUENCY BAND SUPPORTED IN LTE
TABLE 11 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS BY REGION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 12 KEY DRIVERS OF THE SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSOR INDUSTRY
TABLE 13 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SAW DUPLEXERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 14 GLOBAL SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 15 GLOBAL SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 16 THE WORLD'S TOP BUYERS OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC SENSORS
TABLE 17 EUROPEAN DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES BY REGION,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 18 EUROPEAN DEMAND FOR SAW DUPLEXERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 19 EUROPEAN DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 20 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR EUROPE BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 21 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR EUROPE BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 22 ESTIMATES FOR EUROPEAN TERRITORIES GENERATING SIGNIFICANT SALES
ACTIVITY FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES
TABLE 23 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR FRANCE BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 24 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR FRANCE BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 25 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR GERMANY BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 26 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR GERMANY BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 27 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR ITALY BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 28 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR ITALY BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 29 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR SPAIN BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 30 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR SPAIN BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 31 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR NORWAY BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 32 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR NORWAY BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 33 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THE NETHERLANDS BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 34 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THE NETHERLANDS BY AIR
INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 35 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM BY AIR
INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 36 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM BY AIR
INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 37 ESTIMATES FOR EUROPEAN TERRITORIES GENERATING SIGNIFICANT SALES
ACTIVITY FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES
TABLE 38 ASIAN DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES FILTERS BY REGION,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 39 ASIA DEMAND FOR SAW DUPLEXERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 40 ASIA DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 41 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR ASIA BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 42 SAW DUPLEXERS SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR ASIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 43 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR AUSTRALIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 44 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR AUSTRALIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 45 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR JAPAN BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 46 DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR JAPAN BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 47 SAW FILTER FOR INDIA BY SHIPMENT ESTIMATES BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 48 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR INDIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 49 INDIA'S MARKET FOR SAW FILTERS BY KEY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS)
TABLE 50 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR CHINA BY AIR INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 51 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENTS ESTIMATES FOR CHINA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 52 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR SOUTH KOREA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 53 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR SOUTH KOREA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 54 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR TAIWAN BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 55 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR TAIWAN BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 56 ESTIMATES FOR ASIAN TERRITORIES GENERATING CONSIDERABLE SALES FOR
SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 57 SOUTHEAST ASIAN DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES BY REGION,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 58 SOUTHEAST ASIAN DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DUPLEXERS IN TBD,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 59 SOUTHEAST ASIAN DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTERS, THROUGH
2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 60 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR SOUTHEAST ASIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 61 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR SOUTHEAST ASIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 62 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR INDONESIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 63 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR INDONESIA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 64 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THAILAND BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 65 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THAILAND BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 66 AMERICAN DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES BY REGION,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 67 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THE AMERICAS BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 68 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FOR THE AMERICAS BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 69 U.S. DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS AND DUPLEXERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 70 U.S. MARKET FOR SAW FILTERS BY KEY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS)
TABLE 71 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR THE U.S. BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 72 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR THE U.S. BY AIR
INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 73 REGIONS IN THE U.S. GENERATING THE MOST SALES FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC
WAVE TRANSDUCERS
TABLE 74 CANADIAN DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS AND DUPLEXERS THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS)
TABLE 75 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR CANADA BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 76 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR CANADA BY AIR
INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 77 MEXICAN DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS AND DUPLEXERS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS)
TABLE 78 FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR MEXICO BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 79 DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR MEXICO BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY THROUGH 2016
TABLE 80 BRAZIL'S DEMAND FOR SAW FILTERS AND DUPLEXERS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS)
TABLE 81 SAW FILTER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR BRAZIL BY AIR INTERFACE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 82 SAW DUPLEXER SHIPMENT ESTIMATES FORECAST FOR BRAZIL BY AIR
INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 (MILLIONS OF UNITS)
TABLE 83 ESTIMATES FOR TERRITORIES IN THE REST OF THE AMERICAS GENERATING THE
MOST SALES FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTERS AND DUPLEXERS
TABLE 84 (A) EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE EXEMPTED IN 15.23, 15.103, AND 15.113,
UNINTENTIONAL RADIATORS SHALL BE AUTHORIZED PRIOR TO THE INITIATION OF
MARKETING, AS FOLLOWS:
TABLE 85 RANKING OF LEADING SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICE MANUFACTURERS
TABLE 86 PATENTS BY REGION
TABLE 87 GLOBAL PATENT GENERATION TRENDS BY TECHNOLOGY
TABLE 88 GLOBAL PATENTS STATISTICS BY INDUSTRY SECTORS
TABLE 89 U.S. PATENT GENERATION TRENDS BY TECHNOLOGY
TABLE 90 U.S. PATENTS STATISTICS BY INDUSTRY SECTOR
TABLE 91 UNITED STATES SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE SENSOR PATENTS
TABLE 92 EUROPE PATENT GENERATION TRENDS BY TECHNOLOGY
TABLE 93 EUROPEAN PATENTS STATISTICS BY INDUSTRY SECTOR
TABLE 94 EUROPE SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE PATENTS
TABLE 95 KEY ASIA PATENT GENERATION TRENDS BY TECHNOLOGY
TABLE 96 ASIAN PATENTS STATISTICS BY INDUSTRY SECTOR
TABLE 97 CHINESE SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE PATENTS
TABLE 98 JAPANESE SAW PATENTS
TABLE 99 TAIWANESE SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE PATENTS
TABLE 100 SOUTH KOREAN SAW PATENTS
LIST OF FIGURES
SUMMARY FIGURE .GLOBAL DEMAND FOR SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES, 2010-
($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 1 INDUSTRY FORECASTS OF MOBILE DATA TRAFFIC ($)
